1. What Are Arrow KE and Momentum?

Kinetic Energy (KE) and Momentum are fundamental physics concepts that describe an arrow's motion. KE represents the energy of motion, while momentum represents the quantity of motion. Both are crucial for understanding arrow performance and penetration capability.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the physics equations:

Where:

• \( KE \) — Kinetic Energy (Joules)
• \( p \) — Momentum (kg m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass of the arrow (kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity of the arrow (m/s)

Explanation: Kinetic energy increases with the square of velocity, making speed more significant than mass for energy. Momentum increases linearly with both mass and velocity.

3. Importance of Arrow Physics

Details: Understanding KE and momentum helps archers optimize arrow selection for different purposes. Higher KE generally means better penetration, while higher momentum helps maintain trajectory and overcome resistance.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter arrow mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. For best results, use precise measurements from your equipment. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Which is more important for penetration, KE or momentum?
A: Both are important, but momentum generally correlates better with penetration through resistant materials, while KE is better for target impact energy.

Q2: How do I convert grains to kilograms for arrow mass?
A: 1 grain = 0.00006479891 kg. Multiply grains by this conversion factor to get mass in kilograms.

Q3: How do I convert fps to m/s for velocity?
A: 1 fps = 0.3048 m/s. Multiply feet per second by 0.3048 to get meters per second.

Q4: What are typical values for hunting arrows?
A: Hunting arrows typically have KE values of 40-100 J and momentum values of 0.5-1.0 kg m/s, depending on bow type and arrow setup.

Q5: Can I use this for crossbow bolts?
A: Yes, the same physics principles apply to crossbow bolts. Just input the appropriate mass and velocity values.