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Photon Energy Equation:
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The photon energy equation \( E = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \) calculates the energy of a single photon based on its wavelength. This fundamental equation in quantum mechanics relates the particle and wave properties of light.
The calculator uses the photon energy equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation shows that photon energy is inversely proportional to its wavelength - shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy photons.
Details: Calculating photon energy is essential in quantum mechanics, spectroscopy, photochemistry, and understanding light-matter interactions. It helps determine if a photon has sufficient energy to cause electronic transitions or chemical reactions.
Tips: Enter the wavelength in meters. The value must be positive and non-zero. For best results, use scientific notation for very small wavelengths (e.g., 5.0e-7 for 500 nm).
Q1: What are typical photon energy values?
A: Visible light photons have energies around 10⁻¹⁹ J, while gamma rays can have energies up to 10⁻¹³ J or higher.
Q2: How does photon energy relate to frequency?
A: The equation can also be written as E = hν, where ν is frequency. Frequency and wavelength are related by c = λν.
Q3: Why is Planck's constant important?
A: Planck's constant is a fundamental constant that quantizes energy in quantum systems, representing the smallest possible action in quantum mechanics.
Q4: Can this equation be used for all electromagnetic radiation?
A: Yes, the equation applies to all photons across the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays.
Q5: How is photon energy measured experimentally?
A: Photon energy can be measured using various techniques including photoelectric effect experiments, spectroscopy, and calorimetry methods.