1. What is Potential Energy?

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to other objects. Gravitational potential energy depends on an object's mass, height, and the gravitational acceleration.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the potential energy equation:

Where:

• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kg)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (m/s²)
• \( h \) — Height above reference point (m)

Explanation: The equation calculates the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field.

3. Importance of Potential Energy Calculation

Details: Calculating potential energy is essential in physics, engineering, and various applications including hydroelectric power generation, mechanical systems, and understanding energy conservation principles.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms, gravitational acceleration in m/s² (Earth's gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s²), and height in meters. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the standard value for gravitational acceleration?
A: On Earth's surface, the standard value is approximately 9.81 m/s², though it varies slightly with location and altitude.

Q2: Does potential energy depend on the path taken?
A: No, gravitational potential energy depends only on the vertical displacement, not the path taken to reach that height.

Q3: What is the reference point for height measurement?
A: The reference point is arbitrary but is typically chosen as the lowest point in the system being analyzed.

Q4: Can potential energy be negative?
A: Yes, if the reference point is set above the object, the height can be considered negative, resulting in negative potential energy.

Q5: How is potential energy related to kinetic energy?
A: According to the law of conservation of energy, potential energy can be converted to kinetic energy and vice versa, with the total mechanical energy remaining constant in a closed system.