Solar Calculator Energy Saving Trust

Solar Energy Equation:

\[ E = A \times I \times \eta \times t \]

Panel Area (A):

m²

Solar Irradiance (I):

kW/m²

Efficiency (η):

Time (t):

hours

Solar Energy (E):

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1. What is the Solar Energy Equation?

The Solar Energy Equation estimates the amount of energy generated by solar panels based on panel area, solar irradiance, system efficiency, and time. This calculation helps determine the potential energy production and savings from solar installations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Solar Energy Equation:

\[ E = A \times I \times \eta \times t \]

Where:

\( E \) — Energy produced (kWh)
\( A \) — Panel area (m²)
\( I \) — Solar irradiance (kW/m²)
\( \eta \) — System efficiency (%)
\( t \) — Time period (hours)

Explanation: The equation calculates total energy output by multiplying panel area by solar radiation intensity, system efficiency percentage, and time duration.

3. Importance of Solar Energy Calculation

Details: Accurate solar energy estimation is crucial for sizing solar installations, calculating return on investment, understanding energy savings potential, and planning renewable energy systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter panel area in square meters, solar irradiance in kW/m², system efficiency as a percentage, and time in hours. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is typical solar panel efficiency?
A: Most commercial solar panels have efficiencies between 15-22%, with premium models reaching up to 24%.

Q2: How do I find solar irradiance data for my location?
A: Solar irradiance data is available from meteorological databases, solar maps, or through local weather stations. Typical values range from 0.8-1.2 kW/m².

Q3: Does this account for seasonal variations?
A: This calculator provides a snapshot calculation. For annual estimates, use average monthly irradiance values and sum the results.

Q4: What factors affect solar panel efficiency?
A: Efficiency is affected by temperature, shading, panel orientation, tilt angle, dust accumulation, and system losses.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for commercial installations?
A: Yes, the same equation applies to both residential and commercial systems, though commercial installations may require more detailed analysis.