1. What is Voltage Drop Calculation?

Voltage drop calculation determines the reduction in voltage in an electrical circuit between the source and load. It's essential for ensuring proper operation of electrical equipment and compliance with electrical codes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the voltage drop formula:

Where:

• \( V_d \) — Voltage drop (V)
• \( I \) — Current (A)
• \( L \) — Length of the conductor (m)
• \( R \) — Resistance per unit length (Ω/km)

Explanation: The formula calculates the voltage drop in a single-phase AC or DC circuit, accounting for both the outgoing and return paths.

3. Importance of Voltage Drop Calculation

Details: Proper voltage drop calculation ensures electrical devices receive adequate voltage, prevents equipment malfunction, reduces energy losses, and complies with electrical safety standards.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter current in amperes, length in meters, and resistance in ohms per kilometer. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the factor 2 used in the formula?
A: The factor 2 accounts for both the outgoing and return paths in a single-phase circuit.

Q2: What is an acceptable voltage drop?
A: Typically, voltage drop should not exceed 3% for branch circuits and 5% for feeder circuits according to electrical codes.

Q3: How does conductor material affect resistance?
A: Different materials have different resistivity. Copper has lower resistance than aluminum for the same cross-sectional area.

Q4: Does temperature affect resistance?
A: Yes, resistance increases with temperature. Calculations should use resistance values at operating temperature.

Q5: Is this formula applicable to three-phase systems?
A: For balanced three-phase systems, use \( V_d = \frac{\sqrt{3} \times I \times L \times R}{1000} \) instead.