1. What is Potential Energy?

Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position relative to other objects. In gravitational potential energy, it represents the energy an object has due to its height above a reference point.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the potential energy formula:

Where:

• \( PE \) — Potential energy (joules)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²)
• \( h \) — Height above reference point (meters)

Explanation: The formula calculates the energy stored in an object based on its mass and vertical position in a gravitational field.

3. Importance of Potential Energy Calculation

Details: Calculating potential energy is essential in physics and engineering for understanding energy conservation, mechanical systems, and designing structures like dams and roller coasters.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms and height in meters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the standard value of g used in calculations?
A: The standard gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s², though 10 m/s² is sometimes used for simplification in educational contexts.

Q2: Can potential energy be negative?
A: Yes, potential energy can be negative when the reference point is above the object, but in most calculations we use positive values.

Q3: How does potential energy relate to kinetic energy?
A: Potential energy can be converted to kinetic energy when an object falls, following the principle of energy conservation.

Q4: Does the shape of the object affect potential energy?
A: No, for gravitational potential energy, only the mass and height of the object's center of gravity matter.

Q5: What are real-world applications of potential energy?
A: Hydroelectric power generation, pendulum clocks, and calculating the energy required for lifting objects are common applications.