1. What is the Energy Change Formula?

The energy change formula (ΔE = m × c × ΔT) calculates the thermal energy transferred when the temperature of a substance changes. It's a fundamental equation in thermodynamics and physics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the energy change formula:

Where:

• \( \Delta E \) — Energy change in Joules (J)
• \( m \) — Mass of the substance in kilograms (kg)
• \( c \) — Specific heat capacity in J/kg°C
• \( \Delta T \) — Temperature change in degrees Celsius (°C)

Explanation: The formula calculates how much energy is required to change the temperature of a given mass of a substance by a certain amount, based on its specific heat capacity.

3. Importance of Energy Calculations

Details: Understanding energy changes is crucial for designing heating and cooling systems, studying climate science, and analyzing thermal processes in engineering and everyday life.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in J/kg°C, and temperature change in °C. All values must be valid (mass > 0, specific heat capacity > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is specific heat capacity?
A: Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.

Q2: Why is the formula important in GCSE Physics?
A: It's a fundamental concept that helps students understand energy transfer and is frequently tested in exams.

Q3: Can this formula be used for cooling processes?
A: Yes, for cooling processes, ΔT will be negative, resulting in a negative energy change (energy released).

Q4: What are typical specific heat capacity values?
A: Water has a high specific heat capacity of 4184 J/kg°C, while metals like copper have lower values around 385 J/kg°C.

Q5: How does this relate to climate science?
A: The high specific heat capacity of water helps regulate Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing large amounts of heat with minimal temperature change.