1. What is Potential Energy?

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to other objects. Gravitational potential energy specifically refers to the energy an object possesses because of its height above a reference point.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the potential energy formula:

Where:

• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kg)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (m/s²)
• \( h \) — Height above reference point (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the energy stored in an object due to Earth's gravitational field. The standard value for gravitational acceleration on Earth is 9.81 m/s².

3. Importance of Potential Energy Calculation

Details: Calculating potential energy is essential in physics and engineering for understanding energy conservation, mechanical systems, and designing structures like dams, roller coasters, and energy storage systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms, gravitational acceleration in m/s² (9.81 for Earth), and height in meters. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the standard value for gravitational acceleration?
A: On Earth, the standard value is approximately 9.81 m/s², though it varies slightly depending on location and altitude.

Q2: Does potential energy depend on the path taken?
A: No, gravitational potential energy depends only on the vertical displacement and not on the path taken to reach that height.

Q3: What is the reference point for height measurement?
A: The reference point is typically chosen as the lowest point in the system being analyzed, often ground level or sea level.

Q4: Can potential energy be negative?
A: Yes, if the reference point is set above the object's position, the height can be negative, resulting in negative potential energy.

Q5: How does potential energy convert to kinetic energy?
A: When an object falls, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, following the principle of energy conservation.