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Photon Energy Formula:
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The photon energy formula \( E = h \times f \) calculates the energy of a photon, where E is energy in joules, h is Planck's constant (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s), and f is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave in hertz (Hz).
The calculator uses the photon energy equation:
Where:
Explanation: This fundamental equation from quantum mechanics relates the energy of a photon directly to its frequency through Planck's constant.
Details: Calculating photon energy is essential in quantum physics, spectroscopy, photochemistry, and understanding electromagnetic radiation interactions with matter. It helps determine whether a photon has sufficient energy to cause electronic transitions or chemical reactions.
Tips: Enter the frequency of the electromagnetic wave in hertz (Hz). The frequency must be a positive value greater than zero.
Q1: What is Planck's constant?
A: Planck's constant (h) is a fundamental physical constant that relates the energy of a photon to its frequency. Its value is approximately 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ joule-seconds.
Q2: Can I calculate energy using wavelength instead of frequency?
A: Yes, using the relationship \( c = \lambda \times f \) (where c is speed of light and λ is wavelength), the formula becomes \( E = \frac{h \times c}{\lambda} \).
Q3: What are typical energy values for photons?
A: Photon energies range from about 10⁻²⁵ J for radio waves to 10⁻¹⁵ J for gamma rays. Visible light photons have energies around 3-4 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.
Q4: Why is this formula important in quantum mechanics?
A: This formula was revolutionary as it introduced the quantum nature of energy, showing that energy is quantized and comes in discrete packets called photons.
Q5: How is this formula used in practical applications?
A: It's used in designing lasers, understanding solar cell efficiency, medical imaging (X-rays), spectroscopy analysis, and photoelectric effect calculations.